Products related to Relativistic:
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Relativistic Hydrodynamics
Relativistic hydrodynamics is a very successful theoretical framework to describe the dynamics of matter from scales as small as those of colliding elementary particles, up to the largest scales in the universe.This book provides an up-to-date, lively, and approachable introduction to the mathematical formalism, numerical techniques, and applications of relativistic hydrodynamics.The topic is typically covered either by very formal or by very phenomenological books, but is instead presented here in a form that will be appreciated both by students and researchers in the field.The topics covered in the book are the results of work carried out over the last 40 years, which can be found in rather technical research articles with dissimilar notations and styles.The book is not just a collection of scattered information, but a well-organized description of relativistic hydrodynamics, from the basic principles of statistical kinetic theory, down to the technical aspects of numerical methods devised for the solution of the equations, and over to the applications in modern physics and astrophysics.Numerous figures, diagrams, and a variety of exercises aid the material in the book.The most obvious applications of this work range from astrophysics (black holes, neutron stars, gamma-ray bursts, and active galaxies) to cosmology (early-universe hydrodynamics and phase transitions) and particle physics (heavy-ion collisions). It is often said that fluids are either seen as solutions of partial differential equations or as "wet".Fluids in this book are definitely wet, but the mathematical beauty of differential equations is not washed out.
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Relativistic Quantum Mechanics : An Introduction to Relativistic Quantum Fields
Written by two of the most prominent leaders in particle physics, Relativistic Quantum Mechanics: An Introduction to Relativistic Quantum Fields provides a classroom-tested introduction to the formal and conceptual foundations of quantum field theory.Designed for advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level physics students, the text only requires previous courses in classical mechanics, relativity, and quantum mechanics. The introductory chapters of the book summarise the theory of special relativity and its application to the classical description of the motion of a free particle and a field.The authors then explain the quantum formulation of field theory through the simple example of a scalar field described by the Klein–Gordon equation as well as its extension to the case of spin ½ particles described by the Dirac equation.They also present the elements necessary for constructing the foundational theories of the standard model of electroweak interactions, namely quantum electrodynamics and the Fermi theory of neutron beta decay.Many applications to quantum electrodynamics and weak interaction processes are thoroughly analysed.The book also explores the timely topic of neutrino oscillations. Logically progressing from the fundamentals to recent discoveries, this textbook provides students with the essential foundation to study more advanced theoretical physics and elementary particle physics.It will help them understand the theory of electroweak interactions and gauge theories. View the second and third books in this collection: Electroweak Interactions and An Introduction to Gauge Theories. Key Features of the new edition:Besides a general revision of text and formulae, three new chapters have been added. · Chapter 17 introduces and discusses double beta decay processes with and without neutrino emission, the latter being the only process able to determine the Dirac or Majorana nature of the neutrino (discussed in Chapter 13).A discussion of the limits to the Majorana neutrino mass obtained recently in several underground laboratories is included. · Chapter 18 illustrates the calculation of the mass spectrum of “quarkonia” (mesons composed by a pair of heavy, charm or beauty quarks), in analogy with the positronium spectrum discussed in Chapter 12.This calculation has put into evidence the existence of “unexpected” states and has led to the new field of “exotic hadrons”, presently under active theoretical and experimental scrutiny. · Chapter 19 illustrates the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, extensively used in the computation of simple molecules, and its application to the physics of exotic hadrons containing a pair of heavy quarks, with application to the recently observed doubly charmed baryons. This eBook was published Open Access with funding support from the Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physics (SCOAP3). A PDF version of this book is available for free in Open Access at www.taylorfrancis.com.It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
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Non-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
This book develops and simplifies the concept of quantum mechanics based on the postulates of quantum mechanics.The text discusses the technique of disentangling the exponential of a sum of operators, closed under the operation of commutation, as the product of exponentials to simplify calculations of harmonic oscillator and angular momentum.Based on its singularity structure, the Schroedinger equation for various continuous potentials is solved in terms of the hypergeometric or the confluent hypergeometric functions.The forms of the potentials for which the one-dimensional Schroedinger equation is exactly solvable are derived in detail.The problem of identifying the states of two-level systems which have no classical analogy is addressed by going beyond Bell-like inequalities and separability.The measures of quantumness of mutual information in two two-level systems is also covered in detail.
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Introduction to Relativistic Quantum Chemistry
This book introduces relativistic methods in quantum chemistry to non-experts and students.Its five sections cover classically relativity background; the Dirac question; four component methods, including symmetry, correlation, and properties; approximate methods, including perturbation theory, transformed Hamiltonians, regular approximations, matrix approximations, and pseudopotential methods; and an overview of relativistic effects on bonding.
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What are the differences between non-relativistic and relativistic particles?
Non-relativistic particles are particles that move at speeds much slower than the speed of light, while relativistic particles are particles that move at speeds close to the speed of light. Non-relativistic particles follow classical mechanics, while relativistic particles require the use of special relativity to accurately describe their behavior. Relativistic particles have higher energies and momentum compared to non-relativistic particles due to the effects of time dilation and length contraction at high speeds.
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What are relativistic effects?
Relativistic effects are phenomena that occur when objects are moving at speeds close to the speed of light. These effects include time dilation, length contraction, and mass increase. Time dilation refers to the slowing down of time for an object in motion relative to a stationary observer. Length contraction is the shortening of an object's length in the direction of its motion. Mass increase, also known as relativistic mass, is the increase in an object's mass as its velocity approaches the speed of light.
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Is relativistic mass increase wrong?
Relativistic mass increase is a concept that was used in older physics theories, but it is no longer commonly used in modern physics. Instead, the concept of mass in special relativity is now understood in terms of rest mass and relativistic energy. The idea of mass increasing with velocity can lead to confusion and is not necessary to explain the effects of special relativity. Therefore, while relativistic mass increase was once a useful concept, it is now considered outdated and not a correct interpretation of mass in modern physics.
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What is a relativistic velocity?
A relativistic velocity is a velocity that is significant enough to require consideration of the effects of special relativity, as described by Albert Einstein. In classical physics, velocities are simply added or subtracted, but in special relativity, velocities do not add or subtract in the same way at high speeds. Instead, they combine according to the relativistic velocity addition formula, which takes into account the effects of time dilation and length contraction at high speeds. As an object approaches the speed of light, its relativistic velocity becomes increasingly different from its classical velocity.
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Relativistic Quantum Chemistry : The Fundamental Theory of Molecular Science
Einstein proposed his theory of special relativity in 1905.For a long time it was believed that this theory has no significant impact on chemistry.This view changed in the 1970s when it was realized that (nonrelativistic) Schrodinger quantum mechanics yields results on molecular properties that depart significantly from experimental results.Especially when heavy elements are involved, these quantitative deviations can be so large that qualitative chemical reasoning and understanding is affected.For this to grasp the appropriate many-electron theory has rapidly evolved.Nowadays relativistic approaches are routinely implemented and applied in standard quantum chemical software packages.As it is essential for chemists and physicists to understand relativistic effects in molecules, the first edition of "Relativistic Quantum Chemistry - The fundamental Theory of Molecular Science" had set out to provide a concise, comprehensive, and complete presentation of this theory. This second edition expands on some of the latest developments in this fascinating field.The text retains its clear and consistent style, allowing for a readily accessible overview of the complex topic.It is also self-contained, building on the fundamental equations and providing the mathematical background necessary.While some parts of the text have been restructured for the sake of clarity a significant amount of new content has also been added.This includes, for example, an in-depth discussion of the Brown-Ravenhall disease, of spin in current-density functional theory, and of exact two-component methods and its local variants. A strength of the first edition of this textbook was its list of almost 1000 references to the original research literature, which has made it a valuable reference also for experts in the field.In the second edition, more than 100 additional key references have been added - most of them considering the recent developments in the field. Thus, the book is a must-have for everyone entering the field, as well as for experienced researchers searching for a consistent review.
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Relativistic Astrophysics of the Transient Universe : Gravitation, Hydrodynamics and Radiation
In this decade, the transient universe will be mapped out in great detail by the emerging wide-field multiwavelength surveys, and neutrino and gravitational-wave detectors, promising to probe the astronomical and physical origin of the most extreme relativistic sources.This volume introduces the physical processes relevant to the source modeling of the transient universe.Ideal for graduate students and researchers in astrophysics, this book gives a unified treatment of relativistic flows associated with compact objects, their dissipation and emission in electromagnetic, hadronic and gravitational radiation.After introducing the source classes, the authors set out various mechanisms for creating magnetohydodynamic outflows in winds, jets and blast waves and their radiation properties.They then go on to discuss properties of accretion flows around rotating black holes and their gravitational wave emission from wave instabilites with implications for the emerging gravitational wave experiments.Graduate students and researchers can gain an understanding of data analysis for gravitational-wave data.
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Lagrangian Interaction : An Introduction To Relativistic Symmetry In Electrodynamics And Gravitation
This book is an introduction to Lagrangian mechanics, starting with Newtonian physics and proceeding to topics such as relativistic Lagrangian fields and Lagrangians in General Relativity, electrodynamics, Gauge theory, and relativistic gravitation.The mathematical notation used is introduced and explained as the book progresses, so it can be understood by students at the undergraduate level in physics or applied mathmatics, yet it is rigorous enough to serve as an introduction to the mathematics and concepts required for courses in relativistic quantum field theory and general relativity.
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Innovation Competency Model : Shaping Faculty Academic Innovation Development in China's Higher Education
Contributing to the discussion over China's higher education development, this book takes a theoretical approach to address the topic of university academics' innovation by introducing an academic innovation competency model, exploring the contexts, concepts and practices.The innovation competency model comprises three interdependent dimensions, including the academic internal drive vitality, the academic synthesizing refined ability and the academic suspected and introspective ability.By enriching the theory of professional development of university teachers, these three dimensions will help advance the reform of college personnel systems and ultimately improve the quality of China's higher education. The book will be valuable to researchers, students and stakeholders hoping to learn about education reform in China, or to those who study higher education management and comparative education.
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What is relativistic kinetic energy?
Relativistic kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion, taking into account the effects of special relativity. In classical physics, kinetic energy is given by the formula 1/2 mv^2, where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity. However, at speeds approaching the speed of light, special relativity must be taken into account, and the formula for kinetic energy becomes more complex. The relativistic kinetic energy formula takes into account the increase in an object's mass as it approaches the speed of light, and is given by the formula E = (γ - 1)mc^2, where γ is the Lorentz factor, m is the rest mass of the object, and c is the speed of light.
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What is the relativistic energy correction?
The relativistic energy correction is a correction factor that accounts for the effects of special relativity on the energy of a particle. It arises when a particle is moving at speeds close to the speed of light, causing its energy to increase beyond what classical physics would predict. The correction takes into account the increase in the particle's mass as its speed approaches the speed of light, resulting in a more accurate calculation of its total energy. This correction is important in high-energy physics and plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of particles at relativistic speeds.
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How can relativistic mass increase be transformed?
Relativistic mass increase can be transformed into kinetic energy. As an object accelerates to near the speed of light, its relativistic mass increases, which requires energy input. This energy input is stored as kinetic energy in the object's motion. When the object slows down or comes to a stop, this kinetic energy is released and can be transformed into other forms of energy, such as heat or light.
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Is the relativistic increase in mass wrong?
The concept of relativistic mass increase is not necessarily wrong, but it is a matter of interpretation. In modern physics, the concept of relativistic mass has fallen out of favor, as it can lead to confusion and is not as useful as other concepts such as rest mass and energy. Instead, the focus is on the energy-momentum relation, which accounts for the increase in energy and momentum of an object as it approaches the speed of light.
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